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The third session of the International School of Higher Education (ISHE), held on the morning of 6 June in the “L. Chiazzese” Hall of the Department of Law at the University of Palermo, was devoted to the theme of Sustainable Agriculture and Biodiversity. It featured interventions by Professors Marco Brocca of the University of Salento, Giannantonio Domina and Rafael Da Silveira Bueno of the University of Palermo, with contributions – respectively – entitled Agriculture, Landscape and biodiversity between economy and environment; Conca d’Oro landscape transformation and the connected biodiversity loss risk; Ecological restoration of areas under desertification. The common thread linking the three interventions can be found in the inextricable interweaving that has always existed among agriculture, environment and landscape as an effect of the complex of productive and non-productive activities carried out by humans on the territory. Overlapping with these – and interacting with them in a multifaceted and complex cause–effect relationship – are the topics of climate change and biodiversity loss. It was therefore not easy to offer a synthetic overview that would at the same time have the necessary scientific rigor and be as comprehensive as possible. The present writer, however, believes that this objective was achieved – certainly thanks to the merit of the Speakers, but also at least in part thanks to the organizers, who placed a strong bet on the inter- and multidisciplinary approach afforded by the Speakers’ belonging to diverse scientific–disciplinary fields such as Legal Studies, Environmental and Applied Botany, and Ecology. Below is a concise commentary on the interventions delivered during the Session and collected in this volume.