Sommario: 1. Il contesto generale. – 2. Prime impressioni sulla riforma.

1. Il contesto generale
Da tempo si parla di sistema universitario, intendendo una pluralità di organismi che svolgono varie funzioni e le relazioni che tra essi intercorrono. Alla tradizionale rappresentazione di questo sistema a raggiera consistente in un centro ministeriale con tanti satelliti ruotanti attorno, costituiti dalle università statali e non, dalla riforma Gelmini in poi si è aggiunto un secondo nucleo centrale rappresentato dall’Anvur che ha assunto una consistenza e una rilevanza sempre maggiore. È di tutta evidenza che negli anni si è assistito ad un ridimensionamento progressivo del ruolo del Ministero e a una correlativa espansione dell’Agenzia Nazionale di Valutazione del Sistema Universitario e della Ricerca, definita da Carla Barbati il nuovo baricentro del sistema¹
.

L'articolo La riforma dell’Anvur proviene da Nuove Autonomie.

INDICE

Massimo Midiri – Indirizzi di saluto
Aldo Sandulli – Pensieri primi sulle riforme universitarie
Antonio Sorce – Saluti del Direttore generale
Maria Immordino – Introduzione

I Sessione – I controlli interni e la sostenibilità economico-finanziaria Presiede Anna Luisa Carra
Anna Luisa Carra – I controlli interni e la sostenibilità economico-finanziaria
Alberto Rigoni – Il ruolo del Collegio dei revisori nella moderna Università
Claudia Tubertini – I controlli per la prevenzione della corruzione e la trasparenza nelle Università 

II Sessione – I controlli interni e la performance universitaria Presiede Maria Immordino
Sabrina Luccarini – Le competenze dei Nuclei di Valutazione e la dimensione plurale dei controlli sulla performance universitaria
Caterina Ventimiglia – La performance universitaria tra complessità del quadro regolatorio dei sistemi di controllo e valutazione ed esigenze di semplificazione

III Sessione – I controlli interni tra processi di assicurazione della qualità e politiche per l’inclusione, la parità e l’uguaglianza di genere Presiede Maria Immordino
Stefana Milioto – I processi di assicurazione della Qualità
Beatrice Pasciuta – Gender gap e governance accademica. Il caso dell’Università di Palermo (2021-2026)

IV Sessione – Gli attuali processi di riforma Presiede Sergio Perongini
Sergio Perongini – Gli attuali processi di riforma
Ruggiero Dipace – I processi di riforma del sistema universitario tra garanzie di sviluppo e profili di criticità
Alessandro Morelli – Gli attuali processi di riforma del sistema universitario nel prisma dei principi costituzionali
Fabrizio Tigano – La riforma del reclutamento dei ricercatori e dei professori universitari nel prisma del diritto all’istruzione
Alfredo Contieri – La riforma dell’Anvur
Elisa D’Alterio – Lo status del professore universitario: dalla ragion d’essere alle regole del sistema
Nicola Gullo – La valutazione della didattica dei docenti universitari
Gaetano Armao – Il finanziamento statale dell’Università ed il principio di coesione insulare
Giuseppe Verde – Conclusioni

L'articolo Nuove Autonomie – Numero 3-2025 – Speciale proviene da Nuove Autonomie.

Abstract
Il lavoro ricostruisce l’evoluzione che la censura cinematografica ha avuto nell’ordinamento italiano. Una legge del 1962 ha previsto che il divieto di proiezione nelle sale potesse essere imposto, in applicazione dell’art. 21 della Costituzione italiana, solo se il film, fosse in contrasto con il buoncostume e non per altre ragioni, ferma restando la possibilità per imporre il divieto, oltre che per gli adulti, per i minori di anni 16 e 18. L’evoluzione del costume e della società italiana hanno reso nel corso del tempo sempre meno accettabile la censura anche per gli adulti e la legge n. 220 del 2016 sul cinema e l’audiovisivo e un decreto legislativo del 2017 hanno previsto un nuovo sistema in cui è stata abolita la censura per gli adulti e introdotto per quanto riguarda i minori un sistema di autovalutazione affidato ai produttori delle pellicole. Tuttavia, lo Stato non ha rinunciato al suo ruolo di censore perché la valutazione dei produttori è sottoposta alla verifica di una Commissione Ministeriale e a una autorizzazione. Inoltre, è rimasto in vita il sistema di repressione penale contro gli spettacoli osceni, che consente anche il sequestro del film dalle sale, come avvenuto spesso in passato.

Movie Censorship Nowadays: From Film Revision to Movie Rating System

This paper traces how film censorship has evolved within Italian law. A 1962 law stated that a ban on theatrical screenings could be imposed, in application of Article 21 of Italian Constitution, only if a movie was in conflict with good morals and not for other reasons, without prejudice to the possibility to impose a ban not only on adults but also on minors under 16 and 18 years of age. Developments in Italian customs and society over time have made censorship less and less acceptable, even for adults, and Law No. 220 of 2016 on movies and audiovisuals and a Lg.Decree in 2017 provided for a change to a new system in which adult censorship was abolished and a self-assessment system entrusted to film producers was introduced with regard to minors. However, all the same, State did not relinquish its role as censor because the producers’ evaluation is subject to review by a Ministerial Commission and clearance. In addition, criminal repression system against obscene shows has remained in force, which also allows the film to be seized from theaters, as was often the case in the past.

L'articolo La censura cinematografica oggi: dalla revisione<br>alla classificazione dei film* proviene da Nuove Autonomie.

INDICE
DOTTRINA

Alfredo Contieri – Il riesame del provvedimento amministrativo dopo la legge n. 124/2015 – 331
Alberto Zito – La nuova disciplina degli acquisti centralizzati ad oggetto “informatico”, introdotta dalla legge di stabilità per il 2016: dalla ricognizione dei problemi ad un primo inquadramento sistematico – 341
Nicola Gullo – La contratación pública social y verde en Italia – 353
Ornella Spataro – La revisione costituzionale tra processi riformatori e crisi della rappresentanza politica. Spunti di riflessione – 371
Annalaura Giannelli – Il nuovo codice dei contratti pubblici: cronaca di una rivoluzione (solo) annunciata – 391
Roberto Leonardi – La natura giuridica dell’imballaggio terziario rotto: rifiuto o sottoprodotto? – 419
Fortunato Gambardella – Il vincolo indiretto di inedificabilità assoluta nella tutela dei beni culturali, tra proporzionalità e indennizzo – 437
Viviana Molaschi – La tutela della salute nelle periferie: problemi e prospettive di intervento – 455
Paola Savona – Access to public records and proactive disclosure of information in Italy: an overview – 485

Abstract

The review of administrative action, after the Law 124/2015
by Alfredo Contieri

Following the recent Law n. 124/2015, the Italian public authorities may annul, only within eighteen months, the unlawful administrative measures that enable private activities or give economic advantages. This time limit sacrifices the rule of law and in general the public interest but strengthens the Community principle of trust and of legal certainty also in order to encourage foreign investments in Italy.

The new rules governing purchasing by public administrations of IT services
by Alberto Zito

Law 208 of 28 december 2015 introduced new rules governing purchases of IT services. On the basis of said rules public administrations and their companies are obliged to purchase said services using public central purchasing bodies. The article examines new rules in order to enable correct application by public bodies.

Social and environmental aspects of public procurement in Italy
by Nicola Gullo

This paper examines how the European Union policy induced the Italian legislator to integrate social and environmental considerations into public procurement practices. The new code of public procurement, giving application of the 2014 EU directives, introduce two fundamental instruments. First, the legislative provisions allow contracting authorities to exclude from contract award procedures any supplier or contractor who was found guilty of breaching rules of environmental protection or social objectives promotion. Second, the code allows, under certain conditions, to include social and environmental protection objectives among the criteria for the selection of candidates.

Reflections upon the constitutional review between reform processes and crisis of political representation
by Ornella Spataro

The law of constitutional amendment for which we will vote on December 4 puts citizens before large uncertainties. On the one hand it is presented as a response to unpostponable demands for reform, on the other involves some of the fundamental italian institutions, operating controversial choices on the level of constitutional law. The constitutional reform provides the transformation of equal bicameralism, with consequential changes to the legislative process, the review of relations between State and Regions, the reform of the participating institutions, the abolition of Provinces and CNEL, with system effects that have major repercussions on the overall dynamics of the form of government. The present comment puts in evidence the lights and shadows of the constitutional reform, in order to verify if there is the possibility of identifying a relationship of congruence between the political aims that are invoked to justify it, and the legal instruments that in view of the abovementioned objectives are prepared.

The new Italian public procurement Code: chronicle of a revolution only announced
by Annalaura Giannelli

The paper examines the contents of the new Italian public procurement Code. The analysis aims to verify which are the objectives of the recent reform and whether these objectives have been pursued by the new rules. From this point of view the Code is affected by many contradictions, which must be overcome by the scientific literature doctrine and by jurisprudence.

The legal nature of the broken tertiary packaging: waste or byproduct ?
by Roberto Leonardi

The essay concerns packaging management and especially broken packages. Pending the transposition of the european directive adopted in 2008, broken packages were considered by jurisprudence as waste with the consequent application of the penalty rules in terms of waste management unauthorized. Legislation development, together with the immediate application of the waste directive adopted in 2008, by article 117, 1 Cost., allowed to consider broken but reusable packages as byproducts, with the application of the related discipline provided by Environment Code of 2006.

The indirect restriction of a total construction ban in the protection of cultural assets, including proportionality and compensation
by Fortunato Gambardella

Article 45 of the Code of Cultural Heritage and Landscape regulates the institution of the so-called “indirect restriction” that describes the faculty of the public administration to adopt measures necessary to protect the architectural and environmental context into which cultural assets fall. These measures may also impose, at the expense of the citizens, absolute prohibitions on buildability in privately-owned areas and, in such instances, the law does not recognise any compensation to private individuals. The study evaluates the possibility of overcoming this jurisprudential direction in consideration of the particular importance that the law acknowledges, by way of motivating such restrictive measures, of the proportional nature of the administrative decision and in light of recent reflections on compensation as a rule for the activities of the administration which entail a sacrifice for the private individual.

Health Protection on the Periphery: Problems and Intervention Perspectives
by Viviana Molaschi

The paper tackles the issue of health protection in peripheries. First, it clarifies the notion of periphery, which no longer has only a spatial dimension as a suburb, and introduces the concept of social peripheries, defined as “extensive” and “widespread” by F. Martinelli, which is the context of this research. Then, after analysing the Constitutional and legal framework of health guarantees, it investigates the health situation in peripheries, looking into the reasons why it is worse there and why there are more criticalities and health protection gaps. The study focuses on the following: the effect of financial conditioning factors and the consequences of the economic crisis and of the related service cuts; the issue of the territorial distribution of health and social-health services; the importance of social policies (and of other policies) in guaranteeing the right to health; the role of municipalities in health protection. The analysis aims at identifying instruments that can contribute to improving the health situation of people residing in peripheries. It considers international and European trends that highlight what municipalities can do in order to grant health protection within the Health in All Policies strategy, which has fostered the creation of Healthy Cities Networks.

Access to public records and proactive disclosure of information in Italy: an overview
by Paola Savona

The paper analyses the rules related to the right of access to public documents laid down in Law No. 241/1990 on administrative procedure, and the interpretation given to them by case law. It then presents the Italian FOIA enacted in 2016 and the system of proactive disclosure of public sector information. It concludes that, notwithstanding the salutary introduction in the Italian legal system of a general right to know, the norms on transparency still need to be improved in order to clarify the statutory framework and to find a better balance between public interest in disclosure of information and personal data protection.

L'articolo Nuove Autonomie 3-2016 proviene da Nuove Autonomie.

INDICE
DOTTRINA

Maria Immordino – Strumenti di contrasto alla corruzione nella pubblica amministrazione tra ordinamento italiano ed ordinamento brasiliano. Relazione introduttiva – 395
Emerson Gabardo – A nova lei anticorrupção brasileira: aspectos controvertidos e os mecanismos de responsabilização das pessoas jurídicas – 415
Fabrício Ricardo De Limas Tomio e Ilton Norberto Robl Filho – Controle do poder judiciário: estruturas teóricas da ccountability judicial e análise crítica da autuação do Conselho nacional de justiça – brasileiro de 2005 a 2013 – 427
Estefânia Maria De Queiroz Barboza – Corruzione e impunità in Brasile – 453
Eneida Desiree Salgado – Finanziamento ai partiti politici in Brasile: corruzione e democrazia – 469
Ana Claudia Santano – O desenvolvimento de políticas públicas e o direito fundamental de participação política. A regulaçãao da atividade de lobby no contexto democrático – 489
Luca R. Perfetti – Sulla distinzione tra procedimento e processo. Diritto brasiliano e tradizione giuridica italiana alla luce della riforma del procedimento amministrativo introdotta dalla legislazione anti-corruzione – 501
Nicola Gullo – La politica di contrasto alla corruzione in Italia ed i soggetti responsabili della prevenzione della corruzione – 521
Sandro Amorosino – Il Piano Nazionale Anticorruzione come atto di indirizzo e coordinamento amministrativo
Francesco Manganaro – Trasparenza e obblighi di pubblicazione – 553
Alfredo Contieri – Trasparenza e accesso – 563
Margherita Ramajoli – Inconferibilità e incompatibilità di incarichi nelle pubbliche amministrazioni – 577
Cristiano Celone – Le responsabilità e le sanzioni per la violazione degli obblighi di pubblicazione e delle situazioni di inconferibilità e incompatibilità degli incarichi nelle pubbliche amministrazioni – 591
Elena Quadri – I controlli antima ia e il giudice amministrativo – 617
Mariaconcetta D’Arienzo – Prevenzione e repressione della corruzione con particolare riferimento alla disciplina del conflitto di interesse ed ai connessi profili della responsabilità – 637
Jole Buggea – Le white list: strumento di prevenzione del fenomeno corruttivo e delle infiltrazioni del crimine organizzato nel settore degli appalti pubblici – 675
Marcella Tropia – La figura del responsabile della prevenzione della corruzione negli enti locali – 687

Abstracts

INSTRUMENTS AGAINST THE CORRUPTION IN THE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION BETWEEN ITALIAN AND BRAZILIAN LAW. INTRODUCITON

by Maria Immordino

This paper examines the anti-corruption policies in the Italian and Brazilian law to underline the similarities and the differences. After having individualized the causes of the corruption according to the principal international searches, the article analyzes the remedies that have been experimented by the Italian and Brazilian legislator.

THE NEW BRAZILIAN ANTI-CORRUPTION LAW: CONTROVERSIAL ASPECTS AND PENALTY MECHANISMS OF PRIVATE ENTITIES

by Emerson Gabardo

The paper aims to study the new Brazilian anti-corruption law. The text makes a descriptive analysis of the liability of private entities that relate to the State. Among the issues addressed, are spotlighted: the scope of the law; typified conducts in the law; penalties provided for in Brazilian legislation; the problem of independence of instances; the fence to bis in idem; and, yet, the administrative process punitive. Finally, the text emphasizes the subsidiary character of the judicial process.

CONTROL OF JUDICIARY: TEORETICAL STRUCTURES OF JUDICIAL ACCOUNTABILITY AND CRITICAL ANALISYS OF BRAZILIAN NATIONAL JUDICIAL COUNCIL (CNJ) FROM 2005 TO 2013

by Fabrício Ricardo de Limas Tomio – Ilton Norberto Robl Filho

The debate on the Reform of the Judiciary (Constitutional Amendment 45^th) was made to implement better mechanisms of judicial accountability and the expedite judicial process. Brazilian Judiciary has a strong institutional and decisional judicial independence after the 1988 Federal Constitution. The performance of the National Judicial Council (CNJ), created by 45^th Amendment, mainly promotes a partial redesign of the power in the administrative, disciplinary and financial judicial powers. The article analyzes how the constitutional powers and institutionalization process of CNJ have determined major judicial accountability (institutional and behavioral) and judicial efficiency. The method used institutional variables (constitutional powers of the CNJ) and empirical data to expand the understanding of CNJ’s decision making and outcomes (administrative judgments and resolutions) which allowed the growth of accountability in the judiciary institutions. The judiciary has become more accountable after the creation of the CNJ, however, this did not result in greater procedural efficiency.

CORRUPTION AND IMPUNITY IN BRAZIL

by Estefânia Maria de Queiroz Barboza

This paper aims to analyze the problem of corruption in general in the Brazilian courts, going after, the specific issue of impunity in the judgments of corruption cases from these courts. Also, exposes the problem of impunity due to structural difficulties of Brazilian system for what concerns the punishment. The article treats, also, of the issue of electoral justice that, although plays an important and independent role, in the sense of the warranty the campaign finance undeclared. Finally, faced the issue of campaign financing by private persons, which creates an environment that favors corruption.

POLITICAL PARTIES FINANCING IN BRAZIL: CORRUPTION AND DEMOCRACY

by Eneida Desiree Salgado

Contradicting the dominant juridical thought, is believed that exist alternatives to the political parties models. The parties are established by the modern Constitutions and it is absolutely necessary to reflect about their functioning and especially about their financing, which is very important in the democracy because it involves corruption questions. This paper intents to analyze the political regulation in Brazil, the public and private financing and offer suggestions to reform the financing system.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF PUBLIC POLICIES AND THE FUNDAMENTAL RIGHT TO POLITICAL PARTICIPATION – THE REGULATION OF LOBBYING ACTIVITY IN DEMOCRATIC CONTEXT

by Ana Claudia Santano

This paper aims to demystify the lobby activity, which is very marginalized by the society, but at the same time composes one undeniable reality in the power spheres. Therefore, through specialized doctrine review, it was intended to expose some concepts which are wrongly used as a synonymous, as interest groups, pressure groups and lobby. After, the lobbies’ actuation dynamics was described, differentiating themselves of corruption and influence peddling, in a trial to deconstruct this stigma which prevents any impartial analysis. With a constitutional basis of lobby in Brazilian case, it was asked why there is not any regulation, considering the fight against corruption context. In light of this, it should be highlighted the lack of interest of congressmen, lobbyists and including the society of proceeding with it, as a result of a social capital deficit currently visible in Brazil.

ON DISTINCTION BETWEEN THE PROCEDURE AND PROCESS. BRAZILIAN LAW AND ITALIAN LEGAL TRADITION IN

THE LIGHT OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURE REFORM INTRODUCED BY ANTI-CORRUPTION LAW

by Luca R. Perfetti

The article refers to the tendency to approach the administrative procedure for the purpose and function of the process, resulting from the introduction during proceedings of typical institutions of the court by the law n. 190 of 2012 (so-called “anti-corruption law”). Such phenomenon, entirely new on the European scene, but not on to the Brazilian, leads the author to investigate the origins of the distinction between administrative procedure and process, and to analyze the subsequent developments, along the trail dotted by Hans Kelsen and, as regards Italy, by Feliciano Benvenuti.

THE ANTI-CORRUPTION POLICY IN ITALY AND THE SUBJECTS RESPONSIBLE FOR PREVENTION

by Nicola Gullo

This paper analyzes the contents of the politics against the corruption in Italian law and it examines the principal phases of the formation of the administrative organization responsible for the prevention of the corruption. The most important role is that of the Anti-Corruption National Authority, the authority that approves the Anti Corruption National Plan and that controls the application of the legislation against corruption by the administrations

THE ANTI-CORRUPTION NATIONAL PLAN AS ACT OF ADMINISTRATIVE DIRECTIVE AND COORDINATION

by Sandro Amorosino

The Anti-Corruption National Plan (PNA), approved in 2013, in an important instrument for the implementation of the italian law against corruption, approved in 2012. This paper takes into exam its nature and role to conclude it is an act of administrative directive and coordination – defined “act of directive” – and highlights its deficiencies and limits of effectiveness.

TRASPARENCY AND DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS

by Francesco Manganaro

Trasparency – principle of the Administrative Procedure Act and in the Brunetta’s law on the organization – emerges as comprehensibility of administrative action in the anti-corruption legislation. The excessive disclosure requirements, established by the anti-corruption legislation, not always guarantee transparency. But it is a prerequisite for anyone to exercise the new right of “accesso civico”, when the administration is in default to the disclosure requirements.

TRASPARENCY AND CIVIC ACCESS

by Alfredo Contieri

The Legislative Decree No. 33/2014 introduced new requirements for publication on the web of documents, data and information access and a new form of civic access, distinct from the traditional access to administrative documents inspired to the principle of transparency. However the rules for publication in Italy are different from the American FOIA: it is not configurable an unconditional obligation to publication of all data and information held by public authorities, but only of documents contemplated by law.

INCOMPATIBILITY AND PROHIBITIONS FOR HOLDERS OF PUBLIC OFFICE

by Margherita Ramajoli

One of the most important innovations introduced by the overall and recent anti-corruption legislation (law no. 190 of 6 November 2012, and legislative decrees no. 39 of 8 April 2013) consists of the discipline of incompatibility and prohibitions for holders of public office. It constitutes a general tool for the prevention of conflicts between public interest and private interests, as well as a measure of subjective impartiality of public officials. The provisions concerning the incompatibility and prohibitions innovate deeply than in the past, as strike conducted previously admitted, and not concern all public employees, being taken into consideration only public managerial positions, internal and external, and other high-level office. The law marks a break with the past, even probably needs additions, clarifications and adjustments, as well as an inevitable break-in period.

ACCOUNTABILITY AND SANCTIONS FOR VIOLATION OF DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS AND INCOMPATIBILITY AND PROHIBITIONS FOR HOLDERS OF PUBLIC OFFICE

by Cristiano Celone

The adoption of the anti-corruption law, in November 2012, and two legislative decrees on transparency of information within public administration and incompatibility and prohibitions for holders of public office, in March and April 2013, represented a significant step forward in the fight against corruption in Italy. The law and the decrees require each public administration to put in place specific measures to prevent corruption. These include: the adoption of plans to prevent corruption and to ensure transparency and integrity within public administration; the online publication of many information on public administration and the correlative right of everyone to require their publication; strict observance of the rules on incompatibility and prohibitions for holders of public office. In order to ensure compliance with these provisions that aim to prevent corruption and to raise the level of transparency, efficiency and impartially within public administration, the legislature also implemented a supervisory and sanctioning system that acts as a deterrent relating to disclosure requirements and conflicts of interest for public officials. With regard to the sanctioning system, it will look at various types of liability and sanctions introduced by the laws in question.

THE ANTI-MAFIA CHECKS AND THE ADMINISTRATIVE JUDGE

by Elena Quadri

This article proposes to analyse the anti-mafia checks as introduced by anti-mafia legislation. These checks constitute an important tools for prevention of mafia infiltrations in the field of public procurement. In the first part, the author introduces different measures established by legislator, in particular the anti-mafia notice (“comunicazione antimafia”), anti-mafia alert (“informativa antimafia”), white list, integrity agreement (“patto o protocollo di integrità o di legalità”); the author shows, for each point, the main features and issues. Furthermore the author shows the emergency provisions for Expo 2015. Finally, the last part of the article focuses on the procedural viewpoint of anti-mafia checks.

PREVENTION AND REPRESSION OF CORRUPTION, WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO THE RULES OF THE CONFLICT

OF INTEREST AND THE RELATED PROFILES OF RESPONSABILITY

by Mariaconcetta D’Arienzo

The article 6 bis of Law no. 241/90 emphasizes the prescriptive nature of the duties of absention and signaling conferred to the Official who is responsible of the proceedings and to the officials who are in the other situations prescribed in the Article 323 of the Criminal code. The provision emphasizes, more effectively than it has done in the past, the role and responsibilities of the recipients of those obligations, both in the investigative phase than in the decisional phase and it is characterized by the provision of a broad concept of conflict of interest that is also tackled only in its potential dimension. These considerations lead us to see in the analysed provision the conditions for annulment, even through administrative proceeding, of acts adopted in violation of those obligations, cause of responsibility for public damage, damages to the image and the prestige of the Public Authority (even just a potential level), for the outcry generated by the episode within the offices and on the relations between the Public Authority and citizens.

WHITE LISTS: AN INSTRUMENT TO FIGHT MAFIA INFILTRATION AND TO PREVENT CORRUPTION IN PUBLIC PROCUREMENTS

by Jole Buggea

Fundamental principles of public procurements such as competition, transparency as well as fair trading are affected by the phenomenon of corruption. This work focuses on white lists, that is an important instrument to fight mafia infiltration and to prevent corruption. Furthermore, it investigates the discretionary power of the Prefect and analyses the effects of simplification of the anti-Mafia law system.

THE OFFICIAL RESPONSIBLE FOR ANTICORRUPTION PLAN AT LOCAL LEVEL

by Marcella Tropia

Local level plays a strategic role in the fight against corruption due to the utmost importance of proximity to citizens and of local authorities’ responsibilities (public procurement, grants and financial contributions). Within this context, the Secretary of Municipality – who is the official responsible to ensure observance and implementation of anticorruption law in Municipalities and Provinces – is a key driver of this legal battle. The present article analyses the provisions related to this official responsible for anticorruption plan at local level through three different angles. Firstly the article lays out a review of the constitutional legitimacy of the rules regulating the division of powers between national and regional legislator (art.117 Cost.). Secondly, it sheds light on the reasons why the Secretary of Municipality. In other words, specific legal provisions do not apply to the Secretary of Municipality on one hand, and, on the other hand, applicable sanctions prevent form properly exercising his role and powers freely, hence placing him/her in a weak position.

L'articolo Nuove Autonomie 3-2014 proviene da Nuove Autonomie.

INDICE
DOTTRINA

FABIO MERUSI – Le modalità ordinarie di gestione dei servizi pubblici locali – 307

INES D’ARGENIO – La ideología estatal del interes general en el derecho administrativo – 319

ALFREDO CONTIERI – MARIA IMMORDINO – Corte dei conti ed enti locali: controllo sulla gestione e vigilanza – 369

ROBERTA LOMBARDI – La candidatura dei paesaggi vitivinicoli del basso Piemonte a “territorio patrimonio dell’Umanità”: brevi note a margine della tutela dei paesaggi rurali – 389

SIMONE PAJNO – Il fallimento dell’esperienza della specialità siciliana e le condizioni della sua prosecuzione – 399

ALDO SCHIAVELLO – La “svolta convenzionalista” del positivismo giuridico contemporaneo: una breve ricostruzione critica – 415

SALVATORE DI GREGORIO – Il fondo di solidarietà nazionale dal 1947 ad oggi. Aspetti finanziari e giuridici – 435

ANNA SVEVA MANCUSO – Alcune considerazioni sulle intese stipulate il 4 aprile 2007 in attuazione dell’art. 8.3 della Costituzione e sulla loro mancata approvazione – 461

MARCO EVOLA – La Carta blu UE: una versione aggiornata della politi ca del migrante Gastarbaiter – 491

PAOLO GARRAFFA – “Gli ‘stewards’ degli stadi, nuovi addetti alla sicurezza e all’ordine pubblico: pubblici ufficiali, incaricati di pubblico servizio, o soggetti esercenti un servizio di pubblica necessità?” – 517

AGATA ANNA GENNA -Il ricongiungimento familiare tra disciplina dei flussi migratori e tutela del diritto all’unità familiare: alcune riflessioni sui profili problematici e sulle prospettive alla luce della giurisprudenza comunitaria e costituzionale – 539

SANTI DELIA – In house e servizi pubblici locali: breve storia della capitolazione di un modello – 571

GIURISPRUDENZA

CONSIGLIO DI GIUSTIZIA AMMINISTRATIVA PER LA REGIONE SICILIANA – Sez. Giur. Decisione 30 marzo 2009, n. 219 con nota di SALVATORE RAIMONDI, Una sorprendente decisione del C.G.A. in materia di orari della segreteria e termini di deposito delle memorie, composizione del collegio giudicante nei giudizi per revocazione, e assorbimento di eccezioni processuali – 593

C.G.A. REGIONE SICILIA 07.10.2008 n. 842con nota di IVANA VASSALLO, L’art. 43 del T.U. sull’espropriazione:
un tentativo di interpretazione costituzionalmente orientata – 605

AMMINISTRAZIONE LOCALE

GIANCARLO MINALDI – La riforma amministrativa dei governi locali: “grande trasformazione” o gattopardesco maquillage? – 621
STEFANO VILLAMENA – Le ordinanze di «ordinaria amministrazione» del Sindaco – 637

OSSERVATORIO PARLAMENTARE REGIONALE – 677

SALVATORE DI GREGORIO – La competenza della Regione siciliana nella disciplina dei tributi erariali – 745

RASSEGNE

Rassegna della giurisprudenza del Consiglio di Stato
Speciale in tema di responsabilità civile della Pubblica amministrazione: l’elemento soggettivo
di SALVATORE DETTORI – 767

Rassegna della giurisprudenza del Consiglio di Giustizia amministrativa per la Regione Sicilia
di PAOLA SAVONA – 785

Rassegna della giurisprudenza dei Tribunali amministrativi regionali
Speciale in tema di responsabilità civile della Pubblica amministrazione: l’elemento soggettivo
di SARA FORASASSI – 797

Abstract

THE NOMINATION OF THE VINYARD LANDSCAPE OF SOUTHWESTERN PIEMONTE AS “TERRITORY OF WORLD HERITAGE”: SHORT NOTES ON THE PROTECTION OF RURAL LANDSCAPE
by Roberta Lombardi

The nomination from UNESCO of the Piemonte vinyards landscape as “territory of world heritage”, is the starting point of this article. From there, the article moves to more general considerations on the notion of “landscape” and the juridic implications of its protection, with particular focus on the issue of the defense and development of rurallandscape.

THE FAILURE OF SPECIAL REGIONALISM
by Simone Pajno

The aim of this essay is to briefly deal with the role of the category of regions usually called “Regioni Speciali”. In section 2 I study the reasons at the ground of “special regionalism”. Section 3 describes the most important features of the “real life” of the Regioni speciali, and of Regione siciliana in particular. This kind of Regions never enjoyed the special treatment one could infer from the constitutional text. Section 4 will hold the importance of fiscal federalism. In section 5 I attempt to offer a comprehensive reading of the shape that l. cost. 3/2001 gave to the Italian system. The main idea is that the constitutional reform determined the fall of the State’s superiority. The key-words I use to explain this point of view are “pluralismo istituzionale paritario” (that can be translated as “equal institutional pluralism”) and “sussidiarietà” (subsidiarity). Of course, subsidiarity is a well-known concept in political and legal studies. The thesis I try to draw is that in this context the role of the “statute speciali” is significantly different from before. They now have to offer the tools to make the democracy in “Regioni speciali” more profound. They have not to be used to build boundaries between the general legal order and the regional one.

CONTEMPORARY LEGAL POSITIVISM’S “CONVENTIONALIST TURN”: A CRITICAL OUTLINE
by Aldo Schiavello

The target of this paper is to analyze legal positivism’s conventionalist turn with regard to the topic of legal obligation and legal normativity. The conclusions aims to shed light on some deep limits of this kind of legal positivism. In short, conventionalism has two options, both of them unsatisfying. The first one – chosen, among others, by Herbert Hart – proposes a “weak” version of conventionalism; this strategy is losing in so far as does not allow to distinguish legal obligation from moral obligation. The second option – sketched out by authors like Chaim Gans and Gerald Postema – supports a “strong” version of conventionalism which offers a coherent model of legal obligation but at cost of misrepresenting the law.

THE NATIONAL SOLIDARITY FOUND: FISCAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS
by Salvatore Di Gregorio

The contribution that the State, yearly, is obliged to pay to the Sicilian region, as National Solidarity, disciplined by the article 38 of the Sicilian Statute is finalized to balance the difference of income between the Sicily and the national average.The essay outlines a synthesis, about more of 60 years of application of the institute of the “National Solidarity”, in Sicilian Region, examining financial and juridical aspects.Under the financial profile, are dealt the aspects related to the different levels of assigned resources and to the typology of the activated interventions. Under the juridical profile, are dealt the application aspects in relationship to the sentences of the Constitutional Court, but, above all, the possible developments of the institute with the achievement of the fiscal federalism in Italy.The essay specifically draws a general picture of the national normative that, subsequently, have disciplined the assignments of the funds to Sicily, as National Solidarity, from 1952 up to the 2007 financial law; it also examines the aspects of the State power to set limits to the use of the funds. A particular chapter is dedicated to the methods of employment of the resources, of which are analyzed the priorities, the criterions and the sectors of action. It is also, specifically, analyzed, the jurisprudence of the constitutional Court on the matter and the useful remarks, in subject, from the “Brancasi Commission” on the financial contentious between the State and the Sicilian Region. The analysis examines, besides, the relationship between the application of the article 38 of the Sicilian Statute and the reform of the title V of the Italian Constitution, comparing the constitutional discipline (particularly the article 119) and the statutory discipline. Finally the work dedicates a specific reflections to the connections between the sicilian institute of National Solidarity
and the theme on fiscal incentives and the public aids, in E.U.

SOME CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING THE AGREEMENTS STIPULATED ON 4 APRIL 2007 CARRIED OUT BY ART.8.3 OF THE CONSTITUTION AND ABOUT THEIR NON-APPROVAL
by Anna Sveva Mancuso

A radical change of the composition of the population from a religious point of view emerged in the last twenty years of the twentieth century in Italy together with the late unsettled realization of the instrument of agreements with the non-catholic denominations provided by art. 8.3 of the Constitution. We must reflect about continuing to go along with the path traced by the constituents or find other solutions to answer the even more insistent requests made by the large number of religious groups in the country, which are still subject to the obsolete provisions of 1929-1930. The agreements stipulated by Prodi’s Government on April 2007 and their failure made evident by the fact that after two years, six of these are still waiting to be presented to Parliament by the Government for approval, show what it is that went wrong and what should be done to modernize the relations between the State and the religious minorities respecting the principles of equal freedom, present in the 3° subsection of art.8 Cost., which should be the main rule of Italian ecclesiastic law.

THE EU BLUE CARD: AN UPDATED POLICY OF THE MIGRANT GUEST-WORKER
by Marco Evola

The Council adopted the Directive 2009/50 on the conditions of entry and residence of third-country highly skilled workers on the 25th May 2009. The Directive’s main purpose is setting up a procedure capable of responding promptly to fluctuating demands for migrant labour in the labour market. The achievement of this aim entails an high degree of harmonization in order to reduce the differences between national systems of recruitment and enhance the European internal market attractiveness as a whole, but the Directive does not achieve its goal because of the room left to States’ discretionary power and the way workers’ rights have been shaped. In fact the Directive is intended to control migration rather than to lure highly skilled workers, so that EU Blue Card holders represent a new figure of the migrant guest-workers.

“STEWARDS OF THE STADIUM, NEW EMPLOYEES TO SECURITY AND PUBLIC ORDER: THE PUBLIC OFFICIAL, PUBLIC SERVICE OR RESPONSIBLE FOR CONDUCTING A SERVICE OF PUBLIC NEED?”
by Paolo Garraffa

The paper is concerned to analyze, even critically, the discipline on the “stewards” of the stadiums. Starting with a brief historical reconstruction of the legislation on safety of sandblasting sports (which has since been recognized the need to resort to figures of this kind), it proceeds to reconstruct the stages on the evolution that has seen legislation introduced this figure into Italian. In the absence of their precise legal classification in the Italian law system, it tries to give an answer on that issue.

THE FAMILY REUNION BETWEEN MIGRATORY FLOWS AND PROTECTION OF FAMILY UNITY RIGHT
by Agata Anna Genna

This paper deals with the concept of right to family reunion, deriving from the case law of European Court of Justice and Italian Constitutional Court. First of all the relationship between the right to family reunion and migrants’ rights is analyzed. Then the right to family reunion is considered as it flows from EC Directive 2003/86/CE and, consequently, from the execution norms adopted by Italian Parliament. Afterwards the influence of EC law on the national legislation on family rights is examined. The conclusion is about the importance of guaranteing the free circulation of “family loves” bearing in mind the importance of the European integration and considering, on the other hand, the public order requirements.

IN HOUSE AND LOCAL COMMUNITY SERVICE: BRIEF STORY OF A MODEL CAPITOLATION
by Santi Delia

The Author briefly goes over the story of community service model management and the normative and jurisprudencial arrangements followed from the beginning of 1900: from Giolitti Law of 1903, to regulations scheme of wich at President of Republic Decree on the 26th of February 2009 provided by 23 bis article of decree n. 112/08, passed, with alteration, by the 6th of August 2008 n. 113 Law. The heart of the analysis is the dichotomy, always admitted by community and national jurisprudencial, between the choice of civil service for community service autoproduction and their outsourcing through the appeal of the market. The legislative evolution analysis showes as the present set-up, defined with the introduction of the 23 bis article of decree n. 112/08, brings to a drastic reduction of the effective choice possibility of Civil Service among the several management models admitted till now, forcing to choose for the so-called outsourching: the implementation of 23 bis article, in consideration of corroboration gained by local authority involved to accede to in house on Guarantor Authority of Competion and Market side, showes a real unworkability of the chose of services autoproduction on civil law side.

L'articolo Nuove Autonomie 2-3 2009 proviene da Nuove Autonomie.